The present perfect tense (el pretérito perfecto) describes actions that started in the past but continue into the present or have consequences in the present. It's equivalent to 'have/has + past participle' in English.
When to use it
Life experiences
He viajado a España
I have traveled to Spain
Actions that have occurred in a time frame that is not yet over
Esta semana he trabajado mucho
This week I have worked a lot
Recently completed actions with relevance to the present
He perdido mis llaves
I have lost my keys
Regular endings
| -ar | -er | -ir | |
|---|---|---|---|
| yo | he + -ado | he + -ido | he + -ido |
| tú | has + -ado | has + -ido | has + -ido |
| él | ha + -ado | ha + -ido | ha + -ido |
| nos. | hemos + -ado | hemos + -ido | hemos + -ido |
| vos. | habéis + -ado | habéis + -ido | habéis + -ido |
| ellos | han + -ado | han + -ido | han + -ido |
Irregular verbs
Irregular Stem
Spelling Change: Written Accent on ‑ído
Frequently asked
The present perfect tense (el pretérito perfecto) describes actions that started in the past but continue into the present or have consequences in the present. It's equivalent to 'have/has + past participle' in English. The main cases are life experiences, actions that have occurred in a time frame that is not yet over and recently completed actions with relevance to the present. For example: He viajado a España — I have traveled to Spain.
Regular verbs take: -ar: yo he + -ado, tú has + -ado, él ha + -ado, nos. hemos + -ado, vos. habéis + -ado, ellos han + -ado; -er: yo he + -ido, tú has + -ido, él ha + -ido, nos. hemos + -ido, vos. habéis + -ido, ellos han + -ido; -ir: yo he + -ido, tú has + -ido, él ha + -ido, nos. hemos + -ido, vos. habéis + -ido, ellos han + -ido.
The most common ones are ser, estar, tener, hacer, poder, decir, haber and ir. Each has its own conjugation table with the full set of forms.
No. The pretérito perfecto sits at A1 — Beginner, which is free to practise.
Every verb form becomes a card that comes back right before you would forget it.
