absolute povertynounabsolute poverty
Absolute poverty means lacking the basics for physical survival.
aging populationnounaging population
An aging population puts pressure on pension systems and healthcare.
authoritarianismnounauthoritarianism
Authoritarianism concentrates power in a single leader or party.
birth ratenounbirth rate
A declining birth rate will shrink the workforce in coming decades.
capitalismnouncapitalism
Capitalism encourages competition and private ownership of the means of production.
fake newsnounfake news
Fake news spreads faster than corrections on social media platforms.
Gini coefficientnounGini coefficient
The Gini coefficient measures the degree of inequality within a country.
income distributionnounincome distribution
A more even income distribution reduces poverty and social tensions.
polarizationnounpolarization
Political polarization makes compromise increasingly difficult.
populismnounpopulism
Populism pits ordinary people against an elite it portrays as corrupt.
post-truthadjpost-truth
In a post-truth era, emotions and personal beliefs override objective facts.
relative povertynounrelative poverty
Relative poverty is measured against the median income of the society.
social exclusionnounsocial exclusion
Long-term unemployment leads to social exclusion and loss of identity.
social safety netnounsocial safety net
The social safety net catches those who fall below a minimum standard of living.
systemic racismnounsystemic racism
Systemic racism is embedded in institutions rather than just individual attitudes.
welfare statenounwelfare state
The welfare state provides healthcare, education, and support for the unemployed.
